Ethical Issues in Conducting Online Research: 10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4.ch228: The rapid growth of the Internet has been accompanied by a growth in the number and types of virtual environments supporting computer-mediated communication. 6.5 Observational Research - Research Methods in Psychology Published on These time intervals can be randomly selected (e.g., at 8:03, 10:34, 12:51) or systematic (e.g., every 2 hours). After you operationally define "risk-taking behavior," you would observe your teen subjects in these settings and record every incidence of what you have defined as risky behavior. Ethics of Observational Research | SpringerLink Researchers using this approach are interested in a limited set of behaviors. So disguised observation is less reactive and therefore can have higher validity because people are not aware that their behaviors are being observed and recorded. For example, people in Canada and Sweden covered 60 feet in just under 13 seconds on average, while people in Brazil and Romania took close to 17 seconds. The observers might even record the duration of each behavior. In cases where it is not ethical or practical to conduct disguised naturalistic observation, researchers can conductundisguised naturalistic observation where the participants are made aware of the researcher presence and monitoring of their behavior. There are several different approaches to observational research including naturalistic observation, participant observation, structured observation, case studies, and archival research. These ratings were then averaged to produce an explanatory style score for each participant. One of their measures involved observing pedestrians in a large city to see how long it took them to walk 60 feet. These occurrences can then be counted, timed (e.g., the amount of time devoted to entertainment topics on the nightly news show), or analyzed in a variety of other ways. What are the pros and cons of naturalistic observation? Its also best to use naturalistic observations only in public situations where people expect they wont be alone. Another example of participant observation comes from a study by sociologist Amy Wilkins (published in, ) on a university-based religious organization that emphasized how happy its members were (Wilkins, 2008). The answer is no, researchers should not intervene. This approach is often used by psychologists and other social scientists. Such an approach is called, In cases where it is not ethical or practical to conduct disguised naturalistic observation, researchers can conduct, Another approach to data collection in observational research is participant observation. (Her real name was Bertha Pappenheim, and she was an early feminist who went on to make important contributions to the field of social work.) -, Benkert O., Maier W. The necessity of placebo application in psychotropic drug trials. This would likely influence the behavior of the participants, making it difficult to generalize the observations made. Children, individuals with obvious physical handicaps, and window-shoppers were not timed. . Naturalistic Observation - Psychology Hub You observe participants from a distance without being involved. Ethical issues : Covert participation prompts a wide variety of ethical complications as participants of the study are unaware that they are being observed, their behaviours . While this is also a concern with naturalistic observation when researchers because active members of the social group they are studying, additional concerns arise that they may change the social dynamics and/or influence the behavior of the people they are studying.
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